What does the term "metabolism" refer to?

The term "metabolism" specifically refers to the chemical processes that convert food into energy within the body. This encompasses a complex series of reactions that involve breaking down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins from food and transforming them into energy that can be utilized for various bodily functions, such as growth, repair, and maintaining homeostasis. This process is vital, as it determines how effectively the body can use the nutrients consumed for energy and other physiological needs.

Understanding metabolism is key for recognizing how our dietary habits and physical activity levels can impact overall health, energy levels, and weight management. The other options, while related to aspects of nutrition and physical activity, do not accurately define metabolism; they focus on different processes or effects in the body.